Lowerthenumber，thesystemismorelikelytobeoperatedbasedontheoryX.Higherthenumberis，thesystemismorelikelytobeoperatedbasedontheoryY.
◆TheoryXandTheoryY
◆HumanCapital
◆Classicalorganizationaltheory
System1:exploitive-authoritative(orpunitive-authoritarian)，theleaderhasalowconcernforpeopleandusessuchmethodsasthreatsandotherfear-basedmethodstoachieveconformance.;System2:benevolent-authoritative(orpaternalistic-authoritarian)，theresponsibilityliesatthemanageriallevelsbutnotatthelowerlevelsoftheorganizationalhierarchy;System3:consultativesystem，thesuperiorhassubstantialbutnotcomplete，trustandconfidenceinhissubordinates;4:theparticipative(orgroupinteractive)modelofanorganizationalsystem，superiorshavecompleteconfidenceintheirsubordinates，andmotivationisbyeconomicrewardsbasedongoalswhichhavebeensetinparticipation.
Theleaderinexploitive-authoritativeconcernlittleforpeople，andpreferstousefear-basedmethodssuchasthreatstoachieveconformance.Thismanagementmethodcanbeeffective.However，itcanalsostiflepeople’screativity，whichisthemostpreciousvalueofhumancapital.Ipredictinfuture，themostsuccessfulschools’leadersshouldpreferparticipativestyle，ratherthanopposite.
Humanresourcesarepreciousassetsofaninstitution.Itseemshardtopredicthumancapitalsometimes，becausehumanbeingsarechangeable，easytobeaffectedbymanyexternalorinternalfactors.However，usingsomespecificpsychologicalprinciplesconcerninghumanresources，canfacilitatetheprincipletotrain，motivate，andevaluatethestaff.